INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDIES AND EDUCATION
International Conference on Multi-Disciplinary Studies and Education (ICMSE) is a platform for researchers, scientists, scholars, students and industry professionals from around the world to present their current research, and foster alliances with peers. Multi-Disciplinary Studies and Education conferences will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of Different areas of Studies and Education. The goal of this Conference is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on understanding Modern engineering and applied sciences concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas. Authors are solicited to contribute to the conference by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in the areas of Studies and Education. The Conference will also have a space for companies andor institutions to present their innovations and research results.
LEXICAL-SEMANTIC DIFFERENTIATION OF SYNONYMS IN TURKIC LANGUAGES: AN AI AND PARALLEL CORPUS-BASED APPROACH TO TRANSLATOR TRAINING
Despite extensive research on synonymy in linguistics, the problem of accurate synonym selection in translation remains unresolved, particularly in Turkic languages where subtle lexical-semantic distinctions significantly affect meaning and stylistic adequacy. This paper proposes an AI-supported, parallel corpus-based approach to teaching synonym usage differentiation for translator training. Drawing on Uzbek–English parallel texts, the study demonstrates how corpus evidence, combined with AI-assisted analysis, can reveal fine-grained distinctions between synonymous units, especially within action verbs. The findings suggest that integrating parallel corpora and artificial intelligence tools into translator education enhances learners’ ability to identify contextual, stylistic, and semantic nuances of synonyms, thereby improving translation quality. The paper contributes both a methodological framework and pedagogical implications for adapting Turkic languages to modern language technologies.
synonymy, lexical-semantic differentiation of action verbs, parallel corpora, artificial intelligence, translator training, translation studies; collocational behavior; semantic nuance
PIRAMIDALAR ORTIDAGI QADIMGI MISR TARIXI
Ushbu maqolada qadimgi Misr sivilizatsiyasining shakllanishi, fir'avnlar boshqaruv tizimi, piramidalar qurilishi tarixi, diniy e'tiqodlar hamda yozuv madaniyati tahlil qilinadi. Maqola tarix yo'nalishi talabalari, shuningdek qadimgi dunyo tarixiga qiziquvchi keng kitobxonlar ommasi uchun mo'ljallangan bo'lib, mavzu bo'yicha ishonchli ilmiy manbalar asosida yoritilgan.
Qadimgi Misr, fir'avn, piramida, Nil daryosi, iyerogliflar, mumiyolash, Yangi podsholik.
FACE-SAVING STRATEGIES IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK SPEECH ACTS: A CROSS-CULTURAL PRAGMALINGUISTIC ANALYSIS
Communication is not limited to the exchange of information; it also involves maintaining interpersonal relationships and protecting participants' social dignity. One of the central concepts in pragmalinguistics is face-saving, which refers to the linguistic and pragmatic strategies speakers use to preserve their own and others' social image during interaction. Since speech acts are strongly influenced by cultural norms, face-saving strategies differ considerably across languages and cultures. This study investigates face-saving strategies in English and Uzbek speech acts from a cross-cultural pragmalinguistic perspective. The research aims to identify similarities and differences in the realization of politeness strategies in everyday communication and to explain how cultural values shape speakers' pragmatic choices. A qualitative comparative approach was employed to analyze authentic examples selected from literary texts, conversational discourse, and digital communication. The findings indicate that English speakers frequently employ indirectness, hedging devices, and explicit politeness markers to minimize threats to the interlocutor's face. Uzbek speakers, however, tend to rely on honorific expressions, modesty, indirect refusals, and culturally appropriate forms of respect. These differences reflect broader cultural orientations toward individualism and collectivism. The findings contribute to cross-cultural pragmatics, intercultural communication, translation studies, and foreign language education by highlighting the importance of pragmatic competence in successful communication.
pragmalinguistics, face-saving, politeness, speech acts, cross-cultural communication, English, Uzbek, pragmatics.
Durdonakhon Janobiddin qizi Omoniddinova
The Role of Pragmatics in Effective English Communication
This comprehensive and multi-disciplinary study systematically investigates the profound, multi-faceted, and highly dynamic role of pragmatics in ensuring effective, smooth, and seamless English communication within highly diverse, multicultural, international, and globalized professional and academic settings. While traditional grammatical, syntactic, morphological, and lexical competences provide the essential structural, technical, and foundational framework of a language, pragmatic competence allows human speakers to successfully navigate complex social contexts, accurately interpret multi-layered implied meanings, read effectively between the lines, and actively avoid highly costly cross-cultural misunderstandings. Through a detailed, rigorous, and comprehensive qualitative discourse analysis of authentic intercultural interactions, workplace transcripts, and spontaneous dialogues, this academic paper highlights the critical, undeniable necessity of incorporating explicit pragmatic awareness into contemporary language pedagogy worldwide. The ultimate overarching goal of this empirical research is to foster genuine interactional competence, deep socio-cultural adaptability, conversational empathy, and long-term communicative success among modern language learners operating in increasingly interconnected global environments.
Pragmatics; English communication; Speech acts; Politeness strategies; Conversational implicature; Cross-cultural pragmatic failure; Global language pedagogy
ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER DEMAND FOR MEN'S KNITTED OUTERWEAR.
Ushbu maqolada erkaklar uchun mo‘ljallangan trikotaj ustki kiyimlariga bo‘lgan iste’molchilar talabi tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot jarayonida yoshi, kasbi va ijtimoiy mavqei turlicha bo‘lgan iste’molchilar guruhlari o‘rganildi. Savolnoma, kuzatuv va statistik tahlil asosida erkaklar trikotaj kiyimlarining qulayligi, dizayni, narxi, sifati hamda modaga mosligi asosiy talablardan biri sifatida aniqlangan. Olingan natijalarga asoslanib, ishlab chiqaruvchilarga amaliy tavsiyalar berilgan
XALQARO IQTISODIY INTEGRATSIYA VA O’ZBEKISTONNING JAHON HAMJAMIYATIGA KIRIB BORISHI
Xalqaro iqtisodiy integratsiya, jahon hamjamiyati, iqtisodiy hamkorlik, tashqi iqtisodiy faoliyat, global iqtisodiyot, xalqaro savdo, investitsiyalar, eksport salohiyati, mintaqaviy integratsiya, iqtisodiy islohotlar, barqaror iqtisodiy rivojlanish, raqobatbardoshlik, tashqi savdo siyosati, xalqaro tashkilotlar, iqtisodiy diplomatiya.
International economic integration, global community, economic cooperation, foreign economic activity, global economy, international trade, investment, export potential, regional integration, economic reforms, sustainable economic development, competitiveness, foreign trade policy, international organizations, economic diplomacy.
Asrlar qaʼridagi nur: Xizr siymosining diniy-ma’naviy talqini
mazkur maqolada islom an’analarida alohida o‘rin tutuvchi Xizr siymosi, uning diniy talqini, Qur’on oyatlari asosidagi qarashlar hamda ulamolar o‘rtasidagi turli fikrlar yoritilgan. Unda Xizr alayhissalomning kimligi, uning payg‘ambar yoki valiy ekanligi haqidagi bahslar, hayot ekani yoki vafot etgani masalasi tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, xalq og‘zaki ijodida va sufiylik an’analarida Xizr obrazining ma’naviy timsol sifatidagi o‘rni ko‘rsatib beriladi. Maqolada diniy rivoyatlar va ilmiy qarashlar asosida Xizr siymosining insoniyat tafakkuridagi ahamiyati ochib berilgan.
Allohning quli, obi hayot, yam-yashil, umri boqiy, Balyo, Abul Abbos, Allohning bandasi, mangu hayot.
HARMONIZING NATIONAL AND GLOBAL MUSICAL CULTURES: UZBEKISTAN'S CULTURAL HERITAGE IN THE INTERNATIONAL ARENA
This article examines the harmonization of national and global musical cultures, with a particular focus on Uzbekistan's rich musical heritage and its potential for international integration. In the era of globalization, national musical traditions face both new opportunities and serious challenges. Drawing on ethnomusicological theories and case studies from the "Sharq Taronalari" International Music Festival, the study explores the principles and strategies for achieving cultural synthesis. The findings suggest that harmonizing national and global musical cultures requires a delicate balance between preserving cultural authenticity and fostering cross-cultural exchange. Uzbekistan's musical heritage, if strategically positioned within global cultural platforms, can serve as a powerful tool for cultural diplomacy and international cooperation while maintaining its unique identity.
National Music Culture, Global Music Culture, Cultural Harmonization, Uzbek Music, Maqom, Sharq Taronalari Festival, Cultural Diplomacy, Ethnomusicology, Cross-Cultural Exchange.
INGLIZ VA O‘ZBEK TILLARIDAGI HAYVON NOMLARI ASOSIDAGI METAFORALARNING QIYOSIY TAHLILI
Ushbu maqolada ingliz va o‘zbek tillarida hayvon nomlari asosida shakllangan metaforalarning lingvistik va lingvokulturologik xususiyatlari qiyosiy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotda hayvon nomlari orqali ifodalanadigan obrazlarning semantik mazmuni, ularning xalq madaniyati, mentaliteti hamda dunyoqarashi bilan bog‘liqligi yoritiladi. Shuningdek, ikki tilda uchraydigan umumiy va o‘ziga xos metaforalar misollar asosida taqqoslanadi. Tahlillar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, ayrim hayvon obrazlari har ikkala tilda bir xil ramziy ma'noni anglatsa, ba'zilari esa milliy madaniyat ta'sirida turlicha talqin qilinadi. Mazkur tadqiqot natijalari metaforalarni o‘rganishda qiyosiy tilshunoslik va lingvokulturologiyaning muhim o‘rin tutishini ko‘rsatadi.
metafora, hayvon nomlari, qiyosiy tilshunoslik, lingvokulturologiya, semantika, obrazlilik, ingliz tili, o‘zbek tili, konsept, madaniyat.
ZAMONAVIY XIRURGIK BOGʻLOV MATERIALLARI VA ULARNING TURLI ETIOLOGIYALI JARAOHATLAR BITISHIDAGI KLINIK SAMARADORLIGI
Mazkur ishda zamonaviy xirurgiyada va kombustiologiyada qoʻllanilayotgan interaktiv hamda gidroaktiv bogʻlov materiallarining (gidrogellar, kalsiy-alginat bogʻlamlari, gidrokolloidlar va kumush nanozarralari bilan toʻyingan qoplamalar) klinik samaradorligi anʼanaviy doka-paxta bogʻlamlariga qiyoslagan holda oʻrganilgan. Turli etiologiyali (operatsiyadan keyingi, yiringli, trofik yaralar va termik kuvectorlar) jarohatlari boʻlgan bemorlarda jarohatning bitish muddati va asoratlar darajasi tahlil qilindi. Yangi avlod bogʻlamlari jarohat muhitini optimal namlikda saqlashi, ogʻriqni kamayishi va regeneratsiyani tezlashtirishi klinik jihatdan isbotlandi.
xirurgik bogʻlam, jarohat, gidrogel, alginat, gidrokolloid, kumush nanozarralari, regeneratsiya, ekssudatsiya, epitelizatsiya.
SURUNKALI BUYRAK KASALLIGI TERMINAL BOSQICHIDAGI BEMORLARNING HAYOT SIFATINI OSHIRISHDA IXTISOSLASHGAN HAMSHIRALIK PARVARISHINING AHAMIYATI
Ushbu maqola va ilmiy tezisda surunkali buyrak kasalligi (SBK) bilan ogʻrigan, xususan, hayotiy koʻrsatmalarga koʻra dasturiy gemodializ muolajasini muntazam ravishda olayotgan bemorlarni parvarish qilishda zamonaviy hamshiralik jarayonini (Nursing Process) toʻgʻri tashkil etish masalalari kompleks yoritilgan. Hamshiraning bemor parhezini (nutritsion status), gidratatsiya balansini nazorat qilishi, arterio-venoz fistula (AVF) monitoringi hamda psixosomatik qoʻllab-quvvatlash boʻyicha faoliyati tahlil etildi. Toʻgʻri tashkil etilgan hamshiralik parvarishi dializlararo asoratlarni keskin kamaytirishi klinik koʻrsatkichlar bilan isbotlangan.
surunkali buyrak kasalligi, gemodializ, hamshiralik parvarishi, parhez nazorati, hayot sifati, arterio-venoz fistula, gidratatsiya monitoringi, komplayens.
STOMALANGAN BEMORLARNI KLINIK REABILITATSIYA QILISH VA PARVARISHLASHDA TIBBIYOT HAMSHIRASINING PROFESSIONAL VAZIFALARI VA ASORATLAR MONITORINGI
Tezisda onkologik, proktologik va urologik xirurgik amaliyotlar natijasida qorin devoriga qoʻyiladigan turli stoma turlari (kolostoma, ileostoma, urostoma) va ularning anatomik-funksional oʻziga xos xususiyatlari koʻrib chiqilgan. Stoma atrofidagi peristomal teri asoratlarining (stomal dermatit, matseratsiya, nekroz) oldini olishda, zamonaviy kalopriyomnik va uropriyomniklarni tanlash hamda almashtirish texnikasida hamshiraning tutgan oʻrni mukammal yoritilgan. Bemorlarni va ularning yaqinlarini stomani mustaqil parvarish qilishga oʻrgatish metodikasi kompleks tahlil qilingan.
stoma, kolostoma, ileostoma, urostoma, hamshiralik vazifalari, kalopriyomnik, peristomal dermatit, reabilitatsiya, stomaterapiya.
GISTOLOGIYA FANINI OʻRGANISHNING ILGʻOR METODLARI VA ULARNING TIBBIY TAʼLIMDAGI SAMARADORLIGI
Ushbu ilmiy tezisda zamonaviy tibbiy taʼlim tizimida gistologiya, sitologiya va embriologiya fanini oʻqitishning anʼanaviy usullaridan raqamli hamda innovatsion texnologiyalarga oʻtish masalalari chuqur tadqiq etilgan. Virtual mikroskopiya (Digital Pathology), 3D-modellashtirish, interaktiv mikrosuratlar bazasi hamda sunʼiy intellekt (AI) yordamida hujayralarni segmentatsiya qilish metodlarining talabalar tomonidan mavzularni oʻzlashtirish darajasiga taʼsiri tahlil qilindi. Tadqiqot natijalari ilgʻor metodlarning anʼanaviy yorugʻlik mikroskoplari bilan ishlashga qaraganda vizualizatsiya aniqligi, oʻquv vaqtini tejash hamda masofaviy taʼlim imkoniyatlari borasida yuqori samaradorlikkaegaekanliginikoʻrsatdi.
gistologiya, virtual mikroskopiya, 3D-modellashtirish, tibbiy taʼlim, raqamli patologiya, innovatsion metodlar, gistologik preparat, sunʼiy intellekt.
Why English Became a Global Language An Analysis of Historical, Technological and Social Factors
Ushbu maqola ingliz tilining global muloqot vositasiga zaylanish sabablarini tahlil etadi. Britaniya imperiyasining mustamlakachillik siyosati, AQShning XX asrdagi yetakchi mavqei, globallashuv jarayoni hamda kompyuter va internet texnologiyalarining tarqalishi — ingliz tilini butun dunyo bo'ylab yoygan asosiy omillar sifatida ko'rib chiqiladi. Maqola shuningdek ushbu tilning bugungi kunda ta'lim, ilm-fan, biznes va diplomatiya sohasidagi rolini baholaydi.
ingliz tili, global til, Britaniya imperiyasi, globallashuv, internet, lingua franca, ta'lim, sun'iy intellekt.
A THEORETICAL MODEL OF DIFFERENTIAL PSYCHOCORRECTION IN PANIC DISORDER
Current international guidelines recommend cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as the first-line treatment for panic disorder; however, uniform application of a single therapeutic approach fails to account for the heterogeneity of etiological factors underlying the disorder in different patients. This paper proposes an original theoretical model of differential psychocorrection for panic disorder, in which three distinct etiological profiles — cognitive misappraisal, early maladaptive schemas, and neurophysiological predisposition — are systematically matched to three evidence-based therapeutic approaches: CBT, schema therapy, and virtual reality (VR) therapy, respectively. Drawing on a review of international theoretical and empirical literature, the paper presents the conceptual foundations, diagnostic criteria for etiological classification, and the rationale for therapy selection within this model. The proposed model aligns with the emerging paradigm of precision psychiatry and addresses a significant gap in both the international literature and clinical practice in Central Asia.
panic disorder, differential psychocorrection, etiological model, cognitive behavioral therapy, schema therapy, virtual reality therapy, precision psychiatry, catastrophic misappraisal, early maladaptive schemas.
METHODS OF DEVELOPING COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS.
This article examines effective and practical methods for developing communication skills among high school students. In modern education, communication skills are considered essential for students’ academic success, social interaction, and future professional life. The article discusses various methods such as group discussions, role-playing, project-based learning, debates, and the use of technology in the classroom. Special attention is given to the teacher’s role in creating a supportive learning environment where students feel confident to express their ideas. The study emphasizes integrating communication skill development into subject lessons rather than treating it as a separate component. The article concludes that interactive and student-centered approaches significantly improve students’ communication competence.
communication skills, high school education, interactive learning, speaking skills, collaborative activities, classroom communication.
Traditional and Modern Approaches to Grammar Teaching
Grammar plays a crucial role in language learning and communication. Throughout the history of language education, different approaches have been developed to teach grammar effectively. Traditional approaches focus on explicit instruction, memorization of rules, and accuracy, while modern approaches emphasize communication, learner interaction, and contextualized grammar use. This article examines the characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of both traditional and modern approaches to grammar teaching. Furthermore, it discusses how combining elements of both methods can contribute to successful language learning outcomes. The study concludes that an integrated approach can help learners develop both grammatical accuracy and communicative competence.
grammar teaching, traditional approach, modern approach, communicative competence, language learning, English language teaching.
YOZUV ISLOHOTLARINING RAQAMLI ASPEKTLARI: TURKIY DAVLATLAR TAJRIBASI
XXI asrda Turkiy davlatlar amalga oshirayotgan yozuv islohotlari raqamli texnologiyalar bilan chambarchas bog‘liq holda kechmoqda. Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekiston, Qozog‘iston va Ozarbayjonning lotin alifbosiga o‘tish tajribasi raqamli muhit kontekstida taqqosiy tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot yozuv korpuslarini raqamlashtirish, dasturiy ta’minot ishlab chiqish, elektron hujjat aylanmasi, Unikod standartlashtirish va raqamli savodxonlik masalalarini qamrab oladi. Ilmiy yangilik shundan iboratki, yozuv islohotlari jarayoni raqamli transformatsiya nuqtai nazaridan kompleks tahlil qilingan va Turkiy davlatlar uchun amaliy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan.
yozuv islohoti, raqamli texnologiyalar, lotin alifbosi, Turkiy davlatlar, til korpusi, dasturiy ta’minot, Unikod standartlari, elektron hukumat.
SANOAT KORXONALARIDA SHOVQIN VA TEBRANISHNING INSON SALOMATLIGIGA TA'SIRINI KAMAYTIRISH USULLARI.
Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy sanoat korxonalarida texnologik taraqqiyot natijasida yuzaga kelayotgan zararli ishlab chiqarish omillari — shovqin va mexanik tebranishlarning (vibratsiya) inson salomatligiga salbiy ta’siri tadqiq etilgan. Ish joylarida ruxsat etilgan me’yorlardan yuqori bo‘lgan shovqin va tebranish muhitida uzoq muddat mehnat qilish natijasida kelib chiqadigan professional kasalliklar, xususan, kasbiy qulonlik va vibratsiya kasalligining patogenezi tahlil qilingan.
hayot faoliyati xavfsizligi, sanoat korxonalari, ishlab chiqarish shovqini, mexanik tebranish, vibratsiya kasalligi, muhandislik yechimlari, vibroizolyatsiya, mehnat muhofazasi.
Использование игровых технологий как эффективного педагогического инструмента в процессе обучения детей младшего возраста в Узбекистане: теоретические основы, практические методы и педагогические преимущества
В данной работе рассматривается значение игровых технологий в системе начального образования Республики Узбекистан. Анализируются теоретические основы применения игры как ведущей деятельности детей младшего возраста, а также раскрываются практические методы внедрения игровых технологий в учебный процесс. Особое внимание уделяется государственным образовательным требованиям и современным педагогическим подходам, направленным на развитие личности ребенка. Показано, что игровые технологии способствуют формированию критического мышления, повышению мотивации к обучению и развитию коммуникативных навыков учащихся.
игровые технологии, обучение через игру, начальное образование, Узбекистан, педагогика, развитие личности, мотивация, критическое мышление, инновационные методы
THE PHILOSOPHICAL ESSENCE OF MOTION, SPACE, AND TIME AS UNIVERSAL ATTRIBUTES OF EXISTENCE
This thesis provides a comprehensive analysis of the philosophical essence of motion, space, and time, which are considered integral attributes of existence. The role of movement as a mode of existence, its main forms, and its inseparable connection with the process of development are highlighted. It also demonstrates the significance of the categories of space and time in understanding existence, their interconnection, and their role in the development of nature and society.
movement, space, time, development, attribute, space, existence, laws of development, dialectics, change, philosophical analysis.
The Role of Oral Hygiene in the Prevention of Dental Diseases
This article discusses the importance of oral hygiene in the prevention of dental and periodontal diseases. Based on scientific sources, poor oral hygiene was analyzed as one of the major factors contributing to the development of dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis. During the study, the condition of oral hygiene among students was evaluated, and the positive impact of regular hygienic care on oral health was identified.
oral cavity, hygiene, dental caries, gingivitis, prevention, dentistry
INGLIZ VA O‘ZBEK TILLARIDA ONOMATOPIK BIRLIKLARNING FONOSEMANTIK TABIATI VA LINGVISTIK TALQINI
Ushbu tezisda ingliz va o‘zbek tillarida onomatopik birliklarning fonosemantik tabiati hamda ularning lingvistik talqini qiyosiy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Onomatopik birliklar tovushga taqlid asosida shakllangan bo‘lib, ular fonetik shakl va semantik mazmun o‘rtasidagi motivatsiyalangan bog‘liqlikni ifodalaydi. Tadqiqotda onomatopik birliklarning fonologik tuzilishi, semantik kengayishi hamda pragmatik funksiyalari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Ingliz va o‘zbek tillaridagi onomatopik birliklar umumiy universal xususiyatlarga ega bo‘lsa-da, ularning ifodalanish shakllari va struktur xususiyatlari til tizimiga xos farqlar bilan belgilanadi. Natijalar onomatopiyaning kognitiv, semantik va pragmatik jihatdan murakkab lingvistik hodisa ekanligini ko‘rsatadi.
onomatopiya, fonosemantika, lingvistik talqin, qiyosiy tahlil, semantik motivatsiya, ekspressivlik, tovushga taqlid
CLINICAL AND SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATIONS FOR ENHANCING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DENTAL IMPLANTATION THROUGH COMPUTER-GUIDED NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES
Computer-guided navigation has emerged as one of the most significant technological advancements in modern implant dentistry, fundamentally transforming the planning and execution of dental implantation procedures. The integration of three-dimensional imaging, cone-beam computed tomography, digital treatment planning software, and dynamic navigation systems has considerably improved surgical precision, implant positioning accuracy, and long-term clinical outcomes. Contemporary research demonstrates that computer-assisted implant placement minimizes deviations between planned and actual implant positions while reducing surgical trauma and postoperative complications. The technology enables clinicians to evaluate anatomical structures with greater precision, identify potential risks before surgery, and develop individualized treatment strategies based on patient-specific anatomical characteristics. Furthermore, guided navigation contributes to improved prosthetic outcomes by facilitating prosthetically driven implant placement and optimizing functional and aesthetic rehabilitation. Statistical analyses from recent multicenter studies indicate implant survival rates exceeding 95–98% when advanced navigation protocols are employed. This article examines the scientific principles, clinical applications, technological developments, and evidence-based advantages of computer-guided navigation systems in dental implantation, emphasizing their role in improving treatment predictability, safety, and long-term success.
dental implantation; computer-guided navigation; digital dentistry; implant accuracy; cone-beam computed tomography; dynamic navigation; surgical guides; implant survival; treatment planning
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND ECOLOGICAL ADVANTAGES OF ELECTRIC TRANSPORT VEHICLES
The rapid growth of transportation has significantly contributed to environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. Electric vehicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles due to their lower environmental impact and improved energy efficiency. This paper examines the ecological advantages of electric vehicles, including reductions in air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and noise pollution. Additionally, the study discusses the environmental challenges associated with battery production and disposal. The findings indicate that despite certain limitations, electric vehicles play a crucial role in promoting sustainable transportation and mitigating climate change.
Electric vehicles, environmental impact, sustainable transportation, greenhouse gas emissions, ecological benefits, renewable energy.
Digital Borrowings as a Factor of Intercultural Dialogue: A Linguistic Analysis of Russian and Uzbek Internet Discourse
This study investigates digital borrowings in Russian and Uzbek internet discourse and their role in intercultural communication. Based on a corpus of approximately 10,000 text fragments from social media and online platforms (2022–2025), the research applies content analysis, comparative analysis, discourse analysis, and descriptive linguistics. The findings show that English is the primary source of digital borrowings. Russian demonstrates morphological integration of borrowed elements, while Uzbek adapts borrowings through agglutinative affixation. The study concludes that digital borrowings function as both linguistic tools for naming new technological realities and as mechanisms that facilitate intercultural communication and the formation of a shared digital space.
digital borrowings, internet discourse, intercultural communication, Russian, Uzbek, Anglicisms
Spiritual and Cultural Development in Uzbekistan During the Years of Independence
This scholarly article analyzes the spiritual and cultural transformations that have taken place in Uzbekistan during the years of independence, within the historical context from the initial period of state sovereignty to the present stage (1991 2026). The relevance of the research is determined by the necessity of comprehending national identity, rehabilitating cultural heritage, and ensuring the security of the spiritual space amid globalization following the collapse of totalitarian ideology. The objective of the study is to identify the stage-by-stage developmental patterns of cultural evolution during the independence period and to evaluate the conceptual foundations of cultural policy from historical and source-study perspectives. The methodological basis of the research is constituted by the principles of historicism, objectivity, systematicity, as well as comparative-historical and historical-genetic methods. Archival documents, collections of normative-legal acts, periodical press, and works by local and foreign historians served as primary sources. As a result of the conducted research, three main institutional stages of spiritual and cultural development were identified and their distinctive characteristics were elucidated: de Sovietization and national revival; stability and cultural sovereignty; globalization and national ascent. The processes of restoration of tangible and intangible cultural heritage objects, the transformation of the status of the Uzbek language, and the de-politicization of historical memory were analyzed. The research conclusions demonstrate that Uzbekistan's cultural policy during the independence years represents a complex synthesis of tradition and modernization, which has served as a leading factor in strengthening the foundations of national statehood. The results of the article may provide a scientific-theoretical basis for the study of modern Uzbek history, cultural studies, and state policy strategies.
history of Uzbekistan, independence period, spiritual transformation, cultural policy, national identity, historical memory, cultural heritage, de Sovietization, spirituality, cultural integration, social consciousness, national ascent.
THE ROLE OF AGRONYMS IN THE LANGUAGE SYSTEM
This article examines the role and significance of agronyms within the language system from linguistic and cultural perspectives. Agronyms, as proper names connected with agricultural objects and territories, reflect the historical, economic, cultural, and social life of a nation. The study analyzes the linguistic features, semantic structure, classification, and functions of agronyms in communication. Special attention is given to the relationship between agronyms and onomastics, lexicology, sociolinguistics, and cultural studies. The article also discusses the importance of agronyms in preserving national identity and cultural heritage.
agronyms, language system, onomastics, agricultural names, linguistics, semantics, proper names, lexical system, cultural heritage, sociolinguistics
SHEVALARNING ADABIY TIL RIVOJIDAGI O‘RNI
Maqolada o‘zbek shevalarining adabiy til shakllanishi va rivojlanishidagi o‘rni ilmiy-nazariy jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. O‘zbek tilining qarluq, qipchoq va o‘g‘uz lahjalariga mansub shevalarining adabiy tilga ko‘rsatgan ta’siri, ularning leksik, fonetik va grammatik darajalardagi hissalari yoritiladi. Tadqiqotda dialektologiya sohasidagi taniqli olimlarning ilmiy qarashlari sintez qilinib, hozirgi adabiy tildagi sheva unsurlari aniqlangan va sheva-adabiy til munosabatining dialektik tabiati ochib berilgan.
sheva, lahja, adabiy til, dialektologiya, qarluq lahjasi, qipchoq lahjasi, o‘g‘uz lahjasi, leksik birlik, fonetik o‘zgarish, til me’yori.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ORAL AND WRITTEN COMMUNICATION
This article discusses the major differences between spoken and written language from linguistic and communicative perspectives. It explains how spoken language is usually spontaneous, interactive, and dependent on tone, intonation, and context, whereas written language is more formal, organized, and grammatically structured. The article also examines the role of body language, facial expressions, vocabulary choice, and grammatical accuracy in communication. Furthermore, it highlights the social and functional importance of both forms of language in everyday life, education, and professional communication. Understanding these differences helps individuals use language more effectively and appropriately in various situations.
spoken language, written language, communication, informal speech, formal writing, tone and intonation, body language, grammar, vocabulary, linguistic communication