EVALUATION OF THE ANATOMICAL AND FUNCTIONAL CONDITION OF THE ORAL CAVITY IN INDIVIDUALS WHO USE FIXED DENTAL PROSTHESES LONG-TERM
Keywords:
orthodontics, Individual hygiene, Fixed appliances, Plague control, Enamel decalcification, Gingival health, Compliance, Oral microenvironment, Preventive dentistry, Patient-centered careAbstract
Orthodontic treatment, particularly with fixed appliances, creates a complex intraoral environment that significantly increases the risk of plaque accumulation, enamel decalcification, gingival inflammation, and long-term periodontal complications. Therefore, individualized oral hygiene strategies have become an essential component of modern orthodontic care. This theoretical review aims to analyze the development and effectiveness of individualized hygiene measures for patients undergoing orthodontic treatment, drawing on existing scientific literature, textbooks, and international clinical guidelines. The paper discusses the mechanisms through which orthodontic appliances modify the oral microenvironment, evaluates conventional and modern hygiene tools, and examines patient-centered behavioral approaches designed to improve compliance. Additionally, the review highlights digital innovations such as mobile-based reminders, smart toothbrush sensors, and AI-supported monitoring systems, which have shown promise in enhancing self-care behavior. Evidence from published studies consistently demonstrates that personalized hygiene programs—tailored according to age, appliance type, oral health status, and psychosocial factors—are significantly more effective than standardized instructions. The review concludes that a multidisciplinary approach combining mechanical cleaning, chemical antimicrobials, regular professional supervision, and patient-specific motivational strategies is crucial for achieving optimal oral health outcomes during orthodontic treatment.
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