Developing 4C Skills through Text-Based Activities in Primary School Reading Literacy Lessons

Abstract

In the 21st century, education systems are expected to prepare students not merely to remember facts, but to solve complex problems, think critically, act creatively, communicate effectively, and collaborate productively. This study examines the role of text-based activities in developing 4C skills — creativity, critical thinking, communication, and collaboration — in primary school reading literacy lessons. Drawing on international assessment frameworks such as PISA and PIRLS, the paper explores methodological strategies for integrating 4C competencies into reading instruction.