A theoretical review of constructive and destructive forms of guilt

Abstract

Guilt is a complex moral and emotional experience that plays a significant role in the regulation of human behavior and social interaction. While guilt is often perceived as a negative emotional state, contemporary psychological research emphasizes its dual nature, highlighting both constructive and destructive forms. This article provides a theoretical review of guilt as a psychological phenomenon, analyzes its functions, and differentiates between constructive and destructive  forms of guilt. Special attention is given to the psychological mechanisms, developmental origins, and behavioral consequences of each form, as well as their implications for mental health and personal development.