SEMANTIC AND SYMBOLIC FEATURES OF THEONYMS IN THE GHAZALS OF ALISHER NAVOI’S “FONI”

Abstract

This article analyzes the semantic and symbolic features of theonyms in the ghazals of Alisher Navoi’s Divan “Foni”. Theonyms, as a special group of proper names in literary texts, perform not only a nominative function but also play a significant role in meaning formation, symbolization, and the expression of the poet’s mystical and ethical worldview. Based on the analysis of theonyms such as Khudo, Khudovand, Rab, Kirdigor, Ezid, Olloh, and Samad, it is demonstrated that these names are associated in the text with concepts such as absolute truth, divine will, destiny, submission, consent, annihilation (fanā), spiritual knowledge, supplication, and inner human states. The results of the study show that in the ghazals of “Foni” theonyms go beyond their direct referential meaning and function as active elements of the poetic structure, contributing to the deepening of the philosophical, mystical, and aesthetic content of the text.